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Gastrointestinal Tract

Aciphex is a medicine used to treat acid reflux and heartburn. It is in a class of drugs called proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Aciphex works by decreasing the amount of acid produced in the stomach. It may be used alone or with other medicines such as antibiotics to treat H. pylori infection.

Acetylcysteine, also known as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), is a medication used to treat acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose and to loosen thick mucus in people with cystic fibrosis. It is taken by mouth or inhaled.
It is unclear how it works. When given within 10 hours of an overdose it may decrease the amount of liver damage. When given by inhalation, it may improve lung function and symptoms in those with cystic fibrosis.
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Serious side effects include allergic reactions and worsening asthma symptoms.
Acetylcysteine is safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding but there have been concerns that it might cause problems in the baby's brain development.
It is available as a generic medication.
Acetylcysteine has many uses including treatment for acetaminophen overdose, cystic fibrosis patients who produce excessive mucous secretions, smokers trying to quit smoking because N-acetylcystein helps break down the nicotine molecule; however its most common use currently are emergency treatments for paracetamol poisoning.
Paracetamol or acetaminophen toxicity occurs when someone takes too much of this drug leading to potentially fatal liver damage; early signs that indicate something serious might be happening are nausea followed by vomiting about 4 hours after ingestion. If caught early enough (10 hours post ingestion) administration of acetylcystein can reverse hepatotoxicity (liver damage) caused by an acute paracetamol overdose.
How Does AcetylCystein work?
"The mechanism of action of NAC remains uncertain but probably includes both direct scavenging/inactivationof metabolites such as free radicals generated from lipid peroxidationand indirect antioxidant effects due to increased levels of reduced glutathione."