Topamax

topiramate

Brand(s):

• Topamac Gentop Topaz

Manufacturer:

• Cilag AG / GenPharma International Pvt. Ltd. / Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

Disease(s):

• Seizures / Migraine / Headache

Known as:

• Topamax

Topiramate Tablets

What is Topiramate?

Topiramate is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to control seizures (convulsions) in adults and children with various types of epilepsy. It works by affecting certain neurotransmitters in the brain that are involved in seizure activity. Besides epilepsy, topiramate is also sometimes prescribed to help prevent migraine headaches. It's important to remember that topiramate is a prescription medication and should only be used as directed by a doctor.

Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

Before starting topiramate, be sure to tell your doctor about all your medical conditions. This includes:

• Liver disease, such as cirrhosis
• Depression or a history of depression or suicidal thoughts
• Kidney stones or kidney disease
• Glaucoma
• Lung disease
• Metabolic acidosis
• If you are following a ketogenic diet
• Any history of suicidal thoughts, plans, or attempts in yourself or a family member
• Allergies to topiramate, other medications, foods, dyes, or preservatives
• If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding

Providing your doctor with a complete medical history is crucial for safe and effective treatment.

How to Take Topiramate

Topiramate is usually taken by mouth, either as tablets or capsules. Swallow tablets whole with water; do not crush or chew them. Capsules can be swallowed whole or, if necessary, opened and the contents sprinkled onto a small amount of soft food like applesauce, pudding, or yogurt. This mixture should be swallowed immediately – don't store it for later. Take the full prescribed dose. You can take topiramate with or without food. Maintain consistent intervals between doses; avoid taking it more frequently than prescribed.

For migraine prevention, topiramate is typically taken daily as directed by your doctor. It's not designed to stop a migraine that has already started.

Children may require special considerations when taking topiramate. Always consult your pediatrician or healthcare provider for guidance on its use in children.

What if I Miss a Dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take only the next scheduled dose. Never double up on doses.

Potential Drug Interactions

Topiramate can interact with several other medications. It's essential to inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal remedies. This also includes regular consumption of caffeine, alcohol, or tobacco, and the use of illegal drugs, as these substances can affect how topiramate works.

Some medications that may interact with topiramate include:

• Acetazolamide
• Birth control pills or other hormonal contraceptives
• Bosentan
• Carbamazepine
• Dichlorphenamide
• Digoxin
• Ethanol (alcohol)
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Pain relievers, sleeping pills, or muscle relaxants
• Methazolamide
• Phenobarbital or primidone
• Phenytoin
• Pioglitazone
• Probenecid
• Sevelamer
• Valproic acid

Always consult your healthcare professional before starting or stopping any medication while taking topiramate.

Things to Watch Out For

Regular check-ups with your doctor are crucial to monitor your progress while taking topiramate. Never stop taking this medicine suddenly, especially if you're using it to control seizures; doing so can increase your risk of seizures. Consider wearing a MedicAlert bracelet or carrying identification detailing your condition, medications, and doctor's contact information.

Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. This is especially important if you have a history of kidney stones. Increased fluid intake can help reduce the risk of new stone formation.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and/or yellowing of your eyes or skin (jaundice).

Topiramate can cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Avoid driving, operating machinery, or engaging in activities requiring alertness until you know how it affects you. To minimize dizziness, avoid sudden changes in position. Alcohol can worsen these effects, so limit or avoid alcohol consumption.

Birth control pills may be less effective while taking topiramate. Discuss birth control options with your doctor if you are concerned. Report any changes in your menstrual cycle to your doctor.

Topiramate may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior. Pay close attention to your mental health while taking this medication. Report any worsening of mood, or thoughts of suicide or self-harm to your healthcare provider immediately.

If you experience blurred vision, eye pain, or other eye problems, get immediate medical attention for an eye exam.

Inform your doctor that you are taking topiramate before any surgery.

Possible Side Effects

Some side effects require immediate medical attention:

• Agitation, restlessness, irritability, or mood changes
• Decreased sweating and/or fever
• Difficulty breathing
• Difficulty speaking
• Difficulty walking or controlling muscle movements
• Eye pain, redness, or swelling
• Hearing impairment
• Kidney stones (severe flank pain, pain with urination)
• Nosebleeds
• Skin rash, blistering, peeling, or loosening of skin (including inside the mouth)
• Swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
• Tingling, pain, or numbness in hands or feet
• Unusual weakness or fatigue
• Vision problems (blurred vision)
• Vomiting
• Worsening mood, suicidal thoughts or actions
• Yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)

Side effects that are usually less serious but should be reported if they persist or bother you:

• Back pain, joint pain
• Breast pain
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Difficulty sleeping
• Dizziness, drowsiness
• Dry mouth
• Headache
• Heartburn or acid reflux
• Hot flashes
• Loss of appetite
• Menstrual irregularities
• Muscle aches
• Nausea
• Swollen gums
• Stomach upset, indigestion
• Stuffy or runny nose
• Sweating
• Tiredness or weakness
• Altered taste
• Tremor

This is not an exhaustive list of all possible side effects.

Storage

Keep topiramate out of the reach of children, in a child-resistant container. Store at room temperature (15-30°C or 59-86°F) in a tightly closed container. Protect from moisture. Discard any unused medication after the expiration date.