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Symmetrel (Amantadine): Comprehensive Medication Guide for Online Pharmacy
Discover Symmetrel, a versatile antiviral medication also used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. This detailed guide provides comprehensive information on its uses, dosage, precautions, and potential side effects.
What is Symmetrel (Amantadine)?
Symmetrel, containing amantadine hydrochloride, is an antiviral medication primarily used to prevent or treat influenza A infections. It works by blocking the actions of viruses in the body, reducing the severity and duration of flu symptoms. Additionally, Symmetrel is effective in managing Parkinson's disease symptoms, such as stiffness and shaking, by affecting dopamine levels in the brain. It is available in various forms, including capsules and oral solutions, catering to different patient preferences and needs.
Common Uses of Symmetrel
- Influenza A Treatment and Prevention: Symmetrel is used to reduce the symptoms and duration of influenza A infections. It can also be used preventively during flu season or after exposure to an infected individual.
- Parkinson's Disease Management: This medication helps manage Parkinson's disease symptoms like stiffness, tremors, and slow movement, improving the patient's quality of life.
- Treatment of Extrapyramidal Symptoms: Symmetrel can alleviate drug-induced movement disorders, such as those caused by antipsychotic medications.
Symmetrel Dosage and Administration
The correct dosage and administration of Symmetrel are crucial for its effectiveness and safety. Always follow your doctor's instructions carefully. Here's a detailed overview:
- General Instructions: Take Symmetrel orally with a full glass of water. Swallow the medication whole; do not crush or chew it. For best results, take Symmetrel at the same time each day.
- Dosage for Influenza A:
- Adults and Children 13 Years and Older: The recommended dose is 200 mg daily, either as a single dose or divided into two 100 mg doses.
- Children 9-12 Years: 100mg twice daily.
- Children 1-9 Years: The daily dose should be calculated based on body weight (4.4 to 8.8 mg/kg/day), not exceeding 150 mg per day. Consult a pediatrician for precise dosing.
- Preventive Use: To prevent influenza A infections, take Symmetrel before or soon after contact with an infected person and continue for 10 days after the contact.
- Dosage for Parkinson's Disease:
- Adults: The initial recommended dose is 100 mg once daily. Your doctor may gradually increase the dose to 100 mg twice daily, depending on your response and tolerance.
- Elderly Patients: Lower doses may be necessary due to age-related changes in kidney function. Consult your doctor for appropriate adjustments.
Important Dosage Considerations
- Consult with your doctor before starting Symmetrel. They will determine the appropriate dosage based on your medical condition, weight, age, and other factors.
- Do not exceed the recommended dosage. Overdosing on Symmetrel can lead to severe side effects.
- If you have kidney problems, your doctor may need to adjust your dosage to prevent drug accumulation in your body.
Symmetrel Precautions
Before taking Symmetrel, consider the following precautions to ensure your safety and the medication's effectiveness:
- Psychiatric Disorders: Symmetrel can worsen symptoms in patients with a history of psychiatric disorders or substance abuse. Monitor for changes in mood, behavior, or thought patterns.
- Epilepsy: Patients with a history of epilepsy should be closely monitored, as Symmetrel may increase the risk of seizures.
- Heart Conditions: Use caution in patients with a history of congestive heart failure, peripheral edema, or eczematoid rash. Symmetrel can exacerbate these conditions.
- Glaucoma: Do not use Symmetrel in patients with untreated angle-closure glaucoma, as it can worsen the condition.
- Alcohol: Avoid alcohol consumption during treatment with Symmetrel, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Symmetrel should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding without your doctor's advice. It may harm the developing fetus or infant.
- Driving and Operating Machinery: Symmetrel can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and blurred vision. Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how the medication affects you.
Contraindications for Symmetrel Use
Symmetrel is contraindicated in the following conditions:
- Hypersensitivity to amantadine or any components of the medication.
- History of convulsions or seizures.
- Severe renal disease.
- Active gastric ulceration.
- Pregnancy.
Potential Side Effects of Symmetrel
Like all medications, Symmetrel can cause side effects. Be aware of the potential side effects and seek medical attention if you experience any concerning symptoms:
- Common Side Effects:
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness
- Headache
- Sleep problems (insomnia)
- Nervousness
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Loss of appetite
- Dry mouth, dry nose
- Loss of balance or coordination
- Serious Side Effects (Seek Immediate Medical Attention):
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Shortness of breath, even with mild exertion
- Swelling, rapid weight gain
- Feeling depressed, agitated, or aggressive
- Behavior changes, hallucinations, thoughts of hurting yourself
- Urinating less than usual or not at all
- High fever, stiff muscles, confusion, sweating, fast or uneven heartbeats, rapid breathing, feeling like you might pass out
- Restless muscle movements in your eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck
- Tremor (uncontrolled shaking)
If you experience any unusual or severe side effects, stop using Symmetrel and contact your doctor immediately. Always consult with your healthcare provider about any side effects that concern you.
Drug Interactions with Symmetrel
Symmetrel can interact with various medications, potentially affecting their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Inform your doctor about all the medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before starting Symmetrel. Significant interactions include:
- Anticholinergic Drugs: Atropine, dicyclomine, glycopyrrolate, hyoscyamine, mepenzolate, methscopolamine, propantheline, scopolamine. These drugs can increase the anticholinergic effects of Symmetrel, such as dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation.
- Quinine and Quinidine: These medications can increase the risk of Symmetrel toxicity.
- Diuretics: Triamterene, hydrochlorothiazide, and other diuretics can reduce the clearance of Symmetrel, leading to increased drug levels in the body.
- Phenothiazines: Prochlorperazine, thioridazine, and other phenothiazines can reduce the effectiveness of Symmetrel.
This is not an exhaustive list of all potential drug interactions. Always consult with your doctor or pharmacist to ensure the safe use of Symmetrel with your other medications.
What to Do If You Miss a Dose of Symmetrel
If you forget to take your dose of Symmetrel, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.
Symptoms and Management of Symmetrel Overdose
Symptoms of Symmetrel overdose may include:
- Fever
- Anxiety
- Severe headache
- Confusion
- Hallucinations
- Agitation
- Aggression
- Personality changes
- Tremor
- Problems with balance or walking
- Fast or uneven heart rate
- Urinating less than usual or not at all
- Trouble breathing
- Seizure (convulsion)
- Fainting
If you suspect an overdose of Symmetrel, seek immediate medical attention. Call your local poison control center or go to the nearest emergency room.
Proper Storage of Symmetrel
Store Symmetrel at room temperature between 59-77 degrees F (15-25 degrees C), away from light, moisture, children, and pets. Do not use the medication after its expiration date. Properly dispose of any unused or expired medication according to local regulations.
FAQ About Symmetrel
- Can I take Symmetrel if I am pregnant?
- No, Symmetrel is contraindicated in pregnancy. Consult your doctor for alternative treatments.
- Can I drink alcohol while taking Symmetrel?
- No, it is advised to avoid alcohol while taking Symmetrel.
- What should I do if I experience side effects?
- If you experience side effects, contact your doctor immediately. If the side effects are severe, seek emergency medical attention.
- How long does Symmetrel take to work?
- Symmetrel typically starts to work within a few days for influenza A and may take several weeks for Parkinson's disease symptoms to improve.
- Can I buy Symmetrel over the counter?
- No, Symmetrel is a prescription medication and requires a doctor's approval.
Disclaimer: This information is intended for educational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.
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