Egogyn (other name Levlen)
Egogyn (other name Levlen) 0.15mg
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Levlen: Your Comprehensive Guide to Birth Control
What is Levlen?
Levlen is a widely prescribed combination oral contraceptive pill used to prevent pregnancy. It contains two synthetic hormones, levonorgestrel (a progestin) and ethinyl estradiol (an estrogen). These hormones work synergistically to prevent ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary), thicken cervical mucus (making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg), and alter the uterine lining (making it less receptive to implantation of a fertilized egg). Levlen is a reliable and effective method of birth control when taken consistently and correctly.
Indications:
Levlen is primarily indicated for:
- Preventing pregnancy.
How Levlen Works:
Levlen prevents pregnancy through a multi-faceted approach:
- Inhibition of Ovulation: The hormones in Levlen prevent the ovaries from releasing an egg each month.
- Thickening Cervical Mucus: Increased cervical mucus makes it harder for sperm to travel to the uterus.
- Altering Uterine Lining: Changes to the uterine lining reduce the chances of a fertilized egg implanting.
Dosage and Administration:
Always follow your doctor's specific instructions for taking Levlen. Here's a general overview:
- Starting Levlen: Begin taking Levlen on the first Sunday following the start of your menstrual period, unless your doctor advises otherwise. If your period starts on a Sunday, begin taking Levlen that same day.
- Daily Dosage: Take one pill every day, at the same time each day (ideally within the same hour), with or without food. Taking it at the same time helps maintain consistent hormone levels.
- Pack Completion: After finishing all the pills in the pack, start a new pack the next day. There is usually no break between packs.
What to do if you Miss a Pill:
Missing a pill increases your risk of pregnancy. Here's a general guide, but always consult your doctor for specific advice:
- One Missed Pill: Take it as soon as you remember, even if it means taking two pills in one day. Continue taking one pill each day at your regular time.
- Two Missed Pills in a Row (Week 1 or 2): Take two pills as soon as you remember and two pills the next day. Then continue taking one pill each day. Use a backup method of contraception (e.g., condoms) for seven days.
- Two Missed Pills in a Row (Week 3): If you are a Day 1 starter, discard the rest of the pack and start a new pack that same day. If you are a Sunday starter, continue taking one pill every day until Sunday, discard the rest of the pack and start a new pack that same day. Use a backup method of contraception (e.g., condoms) for seven days.
- Three or More Missed Pills in a Row: Contact your doctor immediately for instructions. You may need to start a new pack immediately and use a backup method of contraception.
Storage Instructions:
Proper storage ensures the medication remains effective:
- Store Levlen at room temperature, between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).
- Keep away from heat, moisture, and direct light.
- Do not store in the bathroom.
- Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Contraindications: When NOT to Use Levlen
Do not use Levlen if you have any of the following conditions:
- Allergy to any ingredient in Levlen.
- Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy.
- History of blood clotting disorders, severe blood clots (e.g., in the lungs, legs, eyes), or certain blood vessel problems (e.g., bleeding in the brain, heart attack, stroke).
- Risk factors for developing severe blood clots or certain heart problems (e.g., certain heart valve problems, certain types of irregular heartbeat).
- Chest pain caused by angina.
- Certain types of headaches or migraines with aura.
- Severe or uncontrolled high blood pressure.
- Endometrial, cervical, or vaginal cancer.
- Estrogen-dependent growths.
- Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding.
- Diabetes that affects circulation.
- Liver disease, liver tumors or cancer, or a history of yellowing of the eyes or skin caused by pregnancy or prior birth control use.
- Recent surgery with prolonged bed rest.
- Age over 35 and smoking 15 or more cigarettes per day.
Precautions:
Inform your doctor about all medical conditions and medications you are taking, especially if you have:
- A family history of blood clots.
- Endometriosis or uterine growths.
- Abnormal mammograms or breast lumps.
- Heart problems, diabetes, headaches or migraines.
- Gallbladder, kidney, or liver problems.
- High blood cholesterol or lipid levels.
- High blood pressure.
- Blood disorders (e.g., porphyria).
- Blood in the urine.
- Depression or other mental/mood problems.
- Lupus, chorea, or high blood calcium levels.
- Pancreas problems (e.g., pancreatitis).
- Seizures (e.g., epilepsy).
- A history of cancer.
- Overweight or use tobacco.
- Recently given birth or ended a pregnancy within the past 4 weeks.
Drug Interactions:
Levlen can interact with other medications, potentially affecting its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Inform your doctor of all medications, herbal supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are taking. Some notable interactions include:
- Medications that may increase Levlen's side effects: Atorvastatin, indinavir, troleandomycin.
- Medications that may decrease Levlen's effectiveness: Aprepitant, azole antifungals (e.g., itraconazole, ketoconazole), barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital), bosentan, carbamazepine, dexamethasone, felbamate, griseofulvin, HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir), hydantoins (e.g., phenytoin), modafinil, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, penicillins (e.g., amoxicillin), phenylbutazone, primidone, rifabutin, rifampin, St. John's wort, tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline), topiramate, troglitazone.
- Medications whose side effects may be increased by Levlen: Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol), corticosteroids (e.g., prednisolone), cyclosporine, theophylline.
- Medications whose effectiveness may be decreased by Levlen: Clofibric acid, lamotrigine, morphine, salicylic acid, temazepam.
Important Safety Information:
- Levlen may cause dizziness. Use caution when driving or operating machinery.
- Regularly examine your breasts and report any lumps to your doctor.
- If you are undergoing surgery or will be immobile for an extended period, inform your doctor 3-4 weeks in advance.
- Avoid taking Levlen within 4 weeks after giving birth or ending a pregnancy without consulting your doctor.
- Levlen can cause dark skin patches (melasma). Minimize sun exposure and use sunscreen.
- Levlen does not protect against HIV or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Breakthrough bleeding or spotting may occur, especially during the first few months. Contact your doctor if it persists or is heavy.
- Smoking significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular side effects associated with oral contraceptives.
- Levlen may interfere with certain lab tests. Inform your doctor you are taking Levlen.
- Contact lens wearers may experience vision changes or difficulty with contact lenses.
- If you miss your period during the week of inactive pills, contact your doctor to rule out pregnancy.
- It may take several months to become pregnant after stopping Levlen.
Potential Side Effects:
Like all medications, Levlen can cause side effects. Most are mild and temporary, but some can be serious. Consult your doctor if you experience any persistent or bothersome side effects.
Common Side Effects:
- Acne
- Breast tenderness or enlargement
- Changes in appetite
- Changes in sexual interest
- Weight changes
- Dizziness
- Hair loss
- Headache
- Nausea
- Stomach cramps or bloating
- Unusual spotting or bleeding
- Vomiting
Serious Side Effects (Seek Immediate Medical Attention):
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, hives, itching, difficulty breathing, swelling)
- Breast discharge or lumps
- Calf or leg pain, swelling, or tenderness
- Changes in urine output
- Changes in vaginal secretions
- Changes in vision or speech
- Confusion
- Coughing up blood
- Crushing chest pain or heaviness
- Dark-colored urine
- Depression
- Difficulty sleeping
- Difficulty wearing contact lenses
- Fainting
- Fluid retention (swelling)
- Lack of energy
- Light-colored stools
- Mental or mood changes
- Missed menstrual period
- Numbness or weakness in an arm or leg
- Persistent or severe dizziness
- Severe abdominal pain
- Shortness of breath
- Sudden loss of vision
- Sudden severe headache or vomiting
- Tiredness
- Vaginal irritation or discharge
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Levlen: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Does Levlen protect against STIs?
No, Levlen does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Consistent and correct use of condoms is the best way to protect against STIs.
Can I take Levlen if I'm breastfeeding?
Levlen is found in breast milk. Do not breastfeed while taking Levlen.
What happens if I vomit or have diarrhea after taking Levlen?
If you vomit or have severe diarrhea within 3-4 hours of taking Levlen, your body may not have absorbed the pill. Treat this as a missed pill and follow the instructions for missed pills.
Can Levlen affect my weight?
Weight changes can occur with Levlen, but they are usually minor. Some women experience weight gain, while others experience weight loss.
Can Levlen improve my acne?
In some women, Levlen can improve acne. However, in others, it may worsen acne. Consult your doctor if you have concerns about acne.
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