Triamtereno (other name Triamterene)

Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide: Comprehensive Medication Guide

Drug Name: Triamterene (Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide Combination)

Description: Triamterene is a combination medication containing triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide. Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps the body eliminate excess fluid without losing potassium. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that increases the excretion of sodium and chloride, which also helps to reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure.

Uses of Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide

This medication is primarily used to treat:

• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Edema (fluid retention) associated with conditions such as congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and kidney disorders

It's often prescribed when a diuretic is needed to lower blood pressure or reduce fluid buildup, and when it's important to conserve potassium levels in the body. This combination helps to balance the effects of hydrochlorothiazide, which can sometimes lead to potassium loss.

How to Use Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide

Follow these directions carefully when using Triamterene:

1. Dosage: Take Triamterene exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not change the dose or frequency without consulting your healthcare provider.
2. Administration: The medication should be taken orally, usually once or twice daily.
3. With Food: It's generally recommended to take Triamterene with food to minimize stomach upset.
4. Swallowing: If you have difficulty swallowing the tablet whole, you can crush or chew it and take it with a small amount of water.
5. Consistency: Try to take the medication at the same time(s) each day to help you remember.

Drug Class and Mechanism of Action

Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide is a combination of two types of diuretics:

• Triamterene: This is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It works in the distal renal tubule, blocking the reabsorption of sodium in exchange for potassium and hydrogen. This action increases sodium excretion while helping to conserve potassium.
• Hydrochlorothiazide: This is a thiazide diuretic that works by blocking the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys. This leads to increased excretion of water and electrolytes, lowering blood pressure and reducing fluid retention.

The combination provides effective diuresis (increased urination) while minimizing the risk of potassium depletion that can occur with thiazide diuretics alone.

What to Do If You Miss a Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Storage Information

Proper storage is important to maintain the medication's effectiveness:

• Store Triamterene at room temperature, between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).
• Protect it from heat, moisture, and direct light.
• Do not store it in the bathroom.
• Keep the medication in a tightly closed, light-resistant container.
• Keep it out of the reach of children and pets.

Important Warnings and Precautions

Before taking Triamterene, be aware of the following:

• Allergies: Do not use this medication if you are allergic to triamterene, hydrochlorothiazide, or any other sulfonamide-derived drugs.
• Potassium Levels: Avoid using this medication if you are already taking potassium supplements, another potassium-sparing diuretic (like amiloride or spironolactone), or an aldosterone blocker (like eplerenone), as it can lead to dangerously high potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
• Kidney or Liver Problems: Do not use if you have severe kidney or liver problems, or if you are unable to urinate.
• Dizziness: Triamterene can cause dizziness, especially when combined with alcohol or certain other medications. Use caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
• Salt Substitutes: Avoid using salt substitutes that contain potassium while taking this medication.
• Medical/Dental Procedures: Inform your doctor or dentist that you are taking Triamterene before any medical or dental procedures, including surgery or emergency care.
• Lab Tests: Regular blood tests may be needed to monitor your electrolyte levels, kidney and liver function, blood cell counts, uric acid levels, and blood pressure. Attend all scheduled appointments.
• Elderly Patients: Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of this medication and require closer monitoring.
• Children: The safety and effectiveness of Triamterene in children have not been established.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before taking this medication. The risks and benefits should be carefully considered. It is not known if Triamterene passes into breast milk.

Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, Triamterene can cause side effects. Contact your doctor if any of the following side effects persist or become bothersome:

• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Weakness

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of the following serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, hives, itching, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue)
• Dry mouth
• Excessive thirst
• Slow or irregular heartbeat
• Muscle weakness
• Unusual tiredness
• Vomiting
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)

Additional Important Information

This medication has been prescribed for your specific condition. Do not share it with others, even if they have similar symptoms. If your symptoms do not improve or worsen, contact your doctor.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Triamterene

Q: Can I drink alcohol while taking Triamterene?
A: Alcohol can increase the dizziness and lightheadedness caused by Triamterene. It's best to avoid or limit alcohol consumption while taking this medication.

Q: What should I do if I experience muscle cramps while taking Triamterene?
A: Muscle cramps can be a sign of electrolyte imbalance. Contact your doctor, as they may want to check your potassium and sodium levels.

Q: How long does it take for Triamterene to start working?
A: The diuretic effect of hydrochlorothiazide typically begins within two hours, with peak action occurring in about four hours. Triamterene's effects are similar.

Q: Can Triamterene affect my blood sugar levels?
A: Hydrochlorothiazide can sometimes increase blood sugar levels. If you have diabetes, monitor your blood sugar closely and talk to your doctor if you notice any significant changes.

Q: Are there any specific foods I should avoid while taking Triamterene?
A: Avoid foods high in potassium unless specifically directed by your doctor. Also, limit your intake of salty foods, as they can counteract the effects of the diuretic.

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