Xelevia (other name Januvia)

Januvia (Sitagliptin) - Comprehensive Information for Online Pharmacy

Januvia, containing the active ingredient Sitagliptin, is a prescription medication utilized in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is prescribed to patients whose blood sugar levels are not adequately controlled through diet and exercise alone. Januvia functions as a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, enhancing the body's insulin release and reducing glucose production by the liver. This comprehensive description provides essential information for informed use of Januvia.

Indications for Januvia Use

Januvia is indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control in conjunction with diet and exercise. It can be used:

• As monotherapy when diet and exercise are insufficient.
• In combination with other antidiabetic medications, including metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, or insulin, when additional glycemic control is needed.

Dosage and Administration

The recommended dosage of Januvia is typically 100 mg once daily. However, your doctor will determine the appropriate dosage based on your individual needs and kidney function.

• Januvia can be taken with or without food.
• It is essential to adhere to the prescribed dosage and timing.
• If you have kidney problems, your doctor may adjust the dosage.

Important Usage Instructions

1. Take Januvia orally as directed by your healthcare provider.
2. Maintain a consistent daily schedule for optimal results.
3. Continue taking Januvia even if you feel well. Do not skip doses.
4. In case of a missed dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.

Storage Information

Proper storage ensures the medication's efficacy:

• Store Januvia at room temperature (68°F to 77°F or 20°C to 25°C). Brief excursions to temperatures between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C) are permitted.
• Protect from heat, moisture, and direct light.
• Do not store in the bathroom.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.

Safety Information and Contraindications

Before using Januvia, be aware of the following safety considerations:

Do NOT use Januvia if:

• You are allergic to Sitagliptin or any other ingredients in Januvia.
• You have type 1 diabetes.
• You have diabetic ketoacidosis (high blood ketone levels).

Consult your doctor immediately if any of these conditions apply to you.

Medical Conditions and Interactions

Inform your doctor or pharmacist about all your medical conditions, especially if you have:

• Kidney problems
• A history of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)
• Gallstones
• Alcohol dependence
• Are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding

Also, disclose all medications you are taking, including prescription, nonprescription, herbal preparations, and dietary supplements, to avoid potential drug interactions. Particular caution should be used if you are taking:

• Digoxin
• Sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide, glyburide)
• Insulin

Important Safety Precautions

• Adhere to your prescribed diet and exercise program. Regular blood sugar monitoring is crucial for managing diabetes effectively.
• Monitor your blood sugar levels as instructed by your doctor. Report any frequent high or low readings, even when taking Januvia as prescribed.
• Stressful situations like fever, infection, injury, or surgery can affect blood sugar control. Consult your doctor about managing blood sugar during these times and avoid altering your medication dosage without medical advice.
• Januvia generally does not cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when used alone. However, hypoglycemia may occur when used with other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas or insulin. Be prepared to recognize and treat low blood sugar symptoms (anxiety, sweating, weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, fainting, rapid heartbeat, vision changes, headache, chills, tremors, hunger). Carry a source of glucose (tablets, gel) and consume it immediately if hypoglycemia occurs. Inform your doctor promptly. Maintain consistent meal schedules and avoid skipping meals to prevent hypoglycemia.
• Undergo regular lab tests, including fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C), and kidney function tests, to monitor your condition and detect any side effects.
• Exercise caution when using Januvia in elderly patients, as they may be more sensitive to its effects.
• The safety and effectiveness of Januvia in children under 18 years have not been established.
• If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of Januvia with your doctor. It is unknown if Januvia passes into breast milk.

Possible Side Effects

As with all medications, Januvia may cause side effects. Many individuals experience no or only minor side effects.

Common Side Effects (Consult your doctor if these persist or worsen):

• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Nausea
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Sore throat
• Upper respiratory infection
• Upset stomach

Serious Side Effects (Seek immediate medical attention):

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, hives, itching, difficulty breathing or swallowing, chest tightness, swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue, unusual hoarseness)
• Fever, chills, or persistent sore throat
• Red, blistered, swollen, or peeling skin
• Symptoms of pancreatitis (severe stomach or back pain with nausea or vomiting, stomach tenderness or swelling, rapid heartbeat, dizziness)

This is not an exhaustive list of all potential side effects. Contact your doctor or pharmacist for more information or if you experience any concerning symptoms.

Drug Interactions

Januvia may interact with other medications. It's crucial to inform your doctor about all the medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you are currently taking. Some significant interactions include:

• **Digoxin:** Januvia may increase digoxin levels in the blood, potentially leading to digoxin toxicity. Monitor digoxin levels closely.
• **Sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide, glyburide):** Combining Januvia with sulfonylureas can increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Dosage adjustments of the sulfonylurea may be necessary.
• **Insulin:** Similar to sulfonylureas, using Januvia with insulin may also increase the risk of hypoglycemia, requiring careful monitoring and potential dosage adjustments.

Additional Information

This information is intended for informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult with your doctor or other qualified healthcare provider if you have questions about your health or treatment.

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FAQ about Januvia

Q: What is Januvia used for?

A: Januvia is used to treat type 2 diabetes in adults, helping to control blood sugar levels when diet and exercise are not enough.

Q: How should I take Januvia?

A: Take Januvia exactly as your doctor prescribes. It is usually taken once daily, with or without food.

Q: What are the common side effects of Januvia?

A: Common side effects include headache, nausea, runny nose, and sore throat.

Q: Can I take Januvia if I have kidney problems?

A: You should tell your doctor if you have kidney problems, as your dosage may need to be adjusted.

Q: Can I buy Januvia without a prescription?

A: No, Januvia is a prescription medication and requires a valid prescription from a healthcare provider.